What Is IgA Nephropathy?

IgA Nephropathy, also known as Berger's Disease, is a kidney condition that occurs when Immunoglobulin A (IgA), an important antibody in the immune system, builds up in the kidneys. These IgA deposits accumulate in the kidneys' filters, called glomeruli, which leads to inflammation and gradually makes it harder for the kidneys to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood.

This condition often develops slowly over many years and may not cause any symptoms at first. As time goes on, the ongoing inflammation can damage the kidneys, cause protein to appear in the urine, raise blood pressure, and sometimes lead to chronic kidney disease or even kidney failure.

Symptoms of IgA Nephropathy

Many people with IgA Nephropathy have little or no symptoms at first. As the kidneys get more damaged, symptoms often become more noticeable.

  • Blood in the urine
  • Foamy urine due to excess protein in the urine
  • Puffiness around the eyes
  • High blood pressure
  • Frequent urination, especially at night
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Nausea and general discomfort
  • Difficulty concentrating

Causes of IgA Nephropathy

The exact cause of IgA Nephropathy is still unclear. Experts believe it happens when the body makes abnormal IgA proteins that collect in the kidney filters, causing inflammation and damage over time.

  • Abnormal immune system response
  • Genetic predisposition or family history
  • Chronic liver disease
  • Certain autoimmune disorders
  • Recurrent respiratory or gastrointestinal infections
  • Family history of kidney disease
  • Male gender
  • Existing kidney disorders
  • Autoimmune diseases
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